# Core Hardware building blocks

### Core Hardware Component Library

| Category                  | Examples                                                                                         |
| ------------------------- | ------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------ |
| **Mechanical Primitives** | • **Joints:** Revolute, Prismatic, Spherical, Custom Compliance (soft robotics)                  |
|                           | • **Actuators:** Brushless DC motors, Servo motors, Stepper motors, Linear actuators             |
|                           | • **End-Effectors:** Parallel grippers, Suction cups, Magnetic grippers, Quick-change tool heads |
| **Perception & Sensing**  | • **LiDAR:** 2D/3D modules (e.g. RPLIDAR, Livox)                                                 |
|                           | • **Cameras:** RGB, Depth (ToF), IR, Stereo                                                      |
|                           | • **IMUs:** 9-axis accelerometer/gyroscope combos                                                |
|                           | • **Sonar/Ultrasonic:** Short-range distance                                                     |
|                           | • **Environmental:** Temp/Humidity/Pressure, Gas sensors                                         |
|                           | • **Force/Torque:** Multi-axis wrist/load cells                                                  |
| **Compute & Control**     | • **Edge AI Bricks:** Jetson Nano, Xavier NX, AGX Orin (NVIDIA)                                  |
|                           | • **Microcontroller Nodes:** Raspberry Pi, STM32, Arduino                                        |
|                           | • **Wireless Comms:** Wi-Fi, BLE, LTE/5G modules                                                 |
|                           | • **Real-Time Buses:** CAN-FD, EtherCAT, RS-485                                                  |
| **Power & Connectivity**  | • **Battery Packs:** LiPo, Li-ion, hot-swap batteries                                            |
|                           | • **Power Modules:** PoE injectors, DC-DC converters, UPS bricks                                 |
|                           | • **Cable Harness & Breakouts:** Standardized power/data connectors                              |
| **Chassis & Frames**      | • **Legged Platforms:** Unitree A1/Go2 quadruped frames                                          |
|                           | • **Wheeled Bases:** Differential, Omni, Mecanum                                                 |
|                           | • **Tracked Platforms:** Rugged crawler bases                                                    |
|                           | • **Aerial Frames:** Quadcopter/hexacopter kits                                                  |
|                           | • **Gantry & Cartesian:** 3-axis linear rails                                                    |
| **HMI & Control Panels**  | • **Operator Interfaces:** Touchscreens, Jog wheels, Gamepad/RC remotes                          |
|                           | • **Indicator Modules:** LEDs, buzzers, status displays                                          |
| **Safety & Compliance**   | • **Emergency Stop:** E-stop buttons, safety relays                                              |
|                           | • **Safety Sensors:** Light curtains, safety scanners, bump switches                             |
|                           | • **Cert Modules:** SIL/ASIL-rated I/O, IP-rated enclosures                                      |


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